Model T

This entry is part 23 of 44 in the series Words

An article in the New York Times points up some of the shortcomings of the push for meaningful use of electronic medical records (EMR): it’s vulnerable to fraud. The Department of Health and Human Services is shocked, just shocked, that perhaps some physicians and hospitals may have not been entirely accurate in self-reporting how well they’ve converted to an EMR, just to get a few million dollars.Model T Ford

But the part of the article that got my attention was this quote from Lynne Thomas Gordon, the chief executive of the American Health Information Management Association, a trade group in Chicago:

We’ve gone from the horse and buggy to the Model T, and we don’t know the rules of the road. Now we’ve had a big car pileup.

The reason I love this aphorism is not because I am shocked at the poor HHS oversight of the meaningful use process. To that, I say “duh.”

But it encapsulates where I think we are in terms of usability of medical software. Even our best software and hardware – iPhones and Android phones, Google search, Google Maps, and the like – are still barely beyond the Model T phase. Our medical software, far behind these market leaders, doesn’t even make it to the Model T level. Maybe its to the “pileup of Model Ts” phase.

We don’t need Model Ts, we need something like the Tesla Roadster.Tesla Roadster

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Menu

This entry is part 19 of 44 in the series Words

Faced with a long dinner menu, it’s hard to decide what to order. (Even with a medium-sized menu, my wife always says “You go ahead and order, I haven’t decided yet.” But that’s extreme.)Chinese Menu

It’s not just an urban legend. There are scientific studies that demonstrate it.

The study When Choice is Demotivating by Sheena Ivengar of Columbia University showed this:

In a grocery store, set up a jam-tasting station.

First, put out four different jams, and let people taste, and if they wish, buy.

Four out of ten people who stop by will taste some jam. Of those people who stopped to taste, three out of ten will buy some jam.

Next, put out twenty-four jams.

Six out of ten people will stop to taste. But of those who taste, less than one in ten (3%) will buy. Read the rest of this entry »

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Contact

As of 2012, a new metric for ED throughput is physician contact time – with the caveat that assigning a physician name on a tracking system, or the time of the first orders, is not adequate to measure this. Surprised? Some docs put their name on the patient as soon as the patient arrives in their pod; after all, they will be seeing the patient.  Sistine Chapel CeilingOthers only put their name on the patient’s tracking board entry after they’ve physically seen the patient. If and when they remember, that is. Some figure that the time from “arrival in room” to “seen by physician” time is most important – and indeed, that may be what they’re being graded on. Others figure that the time from “seen by physician” to “admitted” or “discharged” may be most important – and indeed, that may be what they’re being graded on.

But now that CMS has said

“Our ED physicians “Assign” themselves to patients using the tracking board function of EHR. Does documentation of the date/time “assigned” qualify as Provider Contact Date/Time? Otherwise, the earliest documentation of contact with the patient would typically be the first order or the first LIP progress note. Are those acceptable forms of documentation for these data elements?”

“No, this would not be sufficient documentation of provider contact. You would need to use documentation that supports the time of the first direct, personal exchange between an ambulatory patient and a physician or institutionally credentialed provider to initiate the medical screening examination.”

–Quality Insights of Pennsylvania

I predict three things:

(1) ED directors will try to persuade docs to only put their name on the patient at the instant they actually see the patient,

(2) this will be a miserable failure that fails to generate accurate data and causes much friction, and that

(3) passive tracking (using RFID smart badges that track when you enter a room) will suddenly be of great interest to many EDs. May be a good time to invest in these products.

 

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Speech Recognition

This entry is part 3 of 3 in the series Charting

In the Beginning: VoiceEM

Back in 1988, Ray Kurzweil came out with speech-recognition software, including something called VoiceEM. It was an emergency medicine physician charting application; there was also VoiceRAD for radiology. These were DOS programs that ran with that typical DOS 80 character x 25 character text screen. In addition to having a medical-specific vocabulary, VoiceEM had another advantage over the retail shrink-wrap Kurzweil Voice: you could access your voice profile (what the program learned about your particular voice, and the new words you had taught it) from any PC on the network. And, as it learned more about your voice, and as you taught it more words, these were saved back to the server, so you could access this updated “profile” from the network when you started up at the beginning of the next shift. VoiceEM alsom allowed electronic signature, saving your charts on the server and sending them through an interface to an electronic medical record (EMR) system.

VoiceEM employed a speech recognition engine developed by Kurzweil and his engineers. It was advanced for the time but crude by today’s standards. It only recognized Kurzweil Voice

one

word

at

a

time.

The recognizer wasn’t all that good, but if you gave it a choice of just a few words, it could figure out pretty easily what you said. It was even quite good at discriminating between fifty or a hundred words.

To leverage this, Kurzweil added Applied Intelligence. (Applied Intelligence is Artificial Intelligence, only with more engineering and less hype.) They analyzed ED charts, and created templates for the most common presentations.

Let’s take, example, a “chest pain” template. (I’m grossly oversimplifying so it has only a passing acquaintance with the real template, which appears in the screenshot of VoiceEM’s successor Clinical Reporter, but bear with me, it’ll work for an illustration.) Read the rest of this entry »

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Visibility

This entry is part 2 of 3 in the series Charting

"Invisible Idiot" Climbing Route

“Out of sight, out of mind.”

Ever heard the one about the early translation program that converted this aphorism into Chinese and then back? It came out as “invisible idiot.” Regardless, “out of sight, out of mind” is a good general psychological principle. In any nuclear power plant control station, air traffic control center, AWACS plane, aircraft cockpit, or any busy and confusing medical setting whether inpatient, outpatient or ED , people need to know what’s going on. It’s called situational awareness, and it is key to avoiding human error. And we need to keep unimportant stuff out of sight, and out of mind, so people can concentrate on what’s important.

But to keep nuclear reactor coolant pumps, aircraft, or patients in people’s minds, we put something in front of them. Even if it’s just a tiny blinking light, a text summary. or an icon of an airplane. That is why there are tracking systems, to which many of the essays on this site are devoted. Read the rest of this entry »

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//commented out L sidebar 7/26/11 //